Dyslexia – what is it in children. Causes, correction and treatment of dyslexia with speech therapist exercises

Content

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• What is dyslexia?
• Dyslexia in adults
• Dyslexia in children
• Causes of dyslexia
• Dyslexia – Symptoms
• Dyslexia – treatment
• Dyslexia test

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If the child’s mental functions are impaired or susceptible to pathogenic effects, it cannot be ruled out that problems in learning to read occur during preschool or school age. This pathological process is called dyslexia, more often occurs in boys. The task of adults is to eliminate a characteristic ailment, prevent its recurrence.

What is dyslexia?

If a child has trouble reading, a disease may develop. Dyslexia is the difficulty in mastering the skill of reproducing, understanding and comprehending information that has been read, or is yet to be read. The problem arises in a kindergarten graduation group or first grade when a child is learning to read. It is called dyslexic. Adults notice such violations, should not ignore them. Deviations in mental development are not observed with such a disease, but the health problem is obvious.

If you are interested in who dyslexic is, it is a child or an adult who predominates with certain reading problems. He cannot reproduce information, does not remember it, often confuses individual sounds and letters, loses the meaning of words, does not understand their meaning and is not able to build a logical chain in his mind when retelling the content read. More often the phonemic form of the disease predominates, which just covers the indicated symptoms.

Dyslexia in adults

The disease rarely develops at an older age, more often it is a disease of schoolchildren. If dyslexia prevails in adults, the patient experiences difficulty in perceiving written and audio information. In addition, a person is distinguished by distraction, inattention, there are problems with diction, reproduction of numbers. He knows all the letters, but dyslexic is problematic to collect them in syllables, words, sentences and phrases. Such a disease is better to treat at a young age, since with age it is much more difficult, even impossible.

Dyslexia in children

To determine the disease, parents must engage in the development of their offspring. They need to know what dyslexia in children is in order to timely recognize the first signs of a characteristic ailment. Pathology manifests itself in isolation or is supplemented by writing problems (dysgraphia). Such children are clumsy, characterized by a shaky gait and distraction, do not navigate in space and are difficult to give oral training. A similar approach is needed for such patients, an immediate consultation of a speech therapist and psychologist is indicated.

Causes of dyslexia

Before you remove the problem, it is important to understand it. Dyslexia and dysgraphia have a genetic predisposition, and the pathological process can begin even in the prenatal period. With this disease, certain areas of the brain are not fully developed or disturbed by pathogenic factors. The main reason for dyslexia is determined by a speech therapist, and the prerequisites for the pathological process are as follows:

• brain injuries;
• toxic damage to the central nervous system in the prenatal period;
• viral and infectious diseases during gestation;
• fetal asphyxiation;
• premature birth;
• early detachment of the placenta;
• cord entanglement;
• pathological birth;
• speech deficit;
• social factor.

Dyslexia – Symptoms

Before talking about symptoms, it is necessary to study the forms of dyslexia. Signs of a characteristic ailment depend on the characteristics of the clinical picture. The disease can be detected not only by reading disturbance, but also by the manner of behavior and adaptation of the patient in modern society. If dyslexia predominates in the child’s body, the symptoms are as follows:

1. The acoustic form of the disease: the difficulty of reproducing letters similar in sound, skipping or rearranging sounds, carelessness, poor memory, lifelessness and distraction.
2. Optical: it’s difficult for a little genius to reproduce individual letters that are similar in spelling, it’s even more difficult to understand what is being said in the content of the read information and reproduce new information.
3. Phonemic dyslexia: frequent dysgraphic errors, rearrangement of letters in a word with further loss of semantic load, lack of perception when reading individual characters.
4. The semantic form of the disease: the inability to perceive and remember the text read, the complexity of sound analysis, poor memory, low school performance, disinterest in learning.
5. Agrammatic dyslexia: difficulties in reproducing endings and harmonizing individual phrases, sentences. This gives rise to obvious problems in understanding read information at any age..

Dyslexia – treatment

If it was possible to timely identify the disease, you need to contact a speech therapist for professional help. In childhood, dyslexia is easily treatable – what is it, what are the basics of home therapy, a specialist in a particular clinical picture will tell. A speech therapist and parents should deal with the patient at the same time, offer visual aids to facilitate the reproduction of the information received. If dyslexia is diagnosed, treatment in children has the following features:

• correction of defects in sound pronunciation (for the phonemic form of the disease);
• a method of demonstrating pictures with the content of the read information (for the optical form of the disease);
• the study of schemes for the development of spatial representation;
• consultations with a psychologist to eliminate the root cause;
• classic Davis technique.

Dyslexia test

To identify the ailment, you can test with a child. It is recommended to perform the study with children from 3 years old, and the dyslexia test takes only 10 minutes of free time. It is necessary to read the words out loud, and the child must write them down. If there are problems with reading, then the child will not be able to write what he heard. It is important to choose a test according to the age category of the child.

The Davis technique defines dyslexia as a gift. Many parents of dyslexics doubt this reasoning, however, the celebrity recommends understanding what is happening in the patient’s head, and then taking measures to eliminate this problem. There are several ways to get rid, and only a certified speech therapist can determine the most suitable.